If he again sees the same object, he will expect the same punishment, his fear will become increased, and he will naturally try to escape all the more violently.

All horses are not equally timid. Some are more impressionable on one side than on the other, whether accidentally or naturally, which fact gives rise to the saying that some horses are nervous on the near side, and others on the off.

We may note that wall-eyed horses are always nervous.

It is often wrongly said of a horse that he is nervous, when he is only fresh or green. It would be more correct to say that he is in the air, that he wants to use his muscles and extend himself, or, in other words, that he is in the position of a child who, having been for a long time quiet, begins to play and frisk about. In such cases punishment and caresses are equally useless. What we ought to do is to give him what he wants, namely, plenty of exercise. Send him along for two or three miles, and after that he will be perfectly quiet.

There are certain horses which are restless by nature, and are constantly on the alert to notice anything they may see or hear. They are afraid of all sorts of imaginary things, they make sudden starts at every moment, and are consequently very disagreeable to ride. Give them lots of work to cool them down and pats on the neck to give them confidence.

The number of the different kinds of nervous horses is so large, that it is impossible to enumerate them all. There are, however, certain ones which I would like to particularise. Some are afraid of everything which goes past their head, or everything which overlooks them, such as a carriage, omnibus, a low bridge, or carriage entrance. All things of that kind frighten them. People say that these horses are afraid of their heads being hurt. They are, however, absolutely indifferent to things which are low.

Other horses are afraid only of things on the ground, such