and forces the opposite leg. He escapes by going too quickly to one side.

I will suppose that the rider is placed with his shoulder to the wall and is going to the right. The horse which tries to checkmate all the efforts the rider makes to keep him in hand and in good position, begins for instance, to lean against the rider's left leg (outward leg or direct leg). The spur pricks him and forces him to give way. He then tries to get behind his bit. In order to drive him forward, it is necessary to employ the right leg (outward leg or opposite leg). As we hardly ever use the spur of the opposite leg, from fear of straightening him, the horse will finish by pressing against this leg and by saving himself by running to one side, which will prevent us getting him in hand and regulating his work on " two tracks."

The remedy is simple. It is sufficient, when the horse throws himself on the opposite leg, to attack him vigorously with the spur of that side, in order to make him straighten himself. We must adopt this plan each time the horse throws himself to one side, which he will soon give up doing.

As we may see, the best system is to throw into disorder, in order to establish order. This procedure, which is criticised by all those who have not the audacity to practise it, is the only one which incontestably establishes the power of the breaker over the animal. By it, the horse learns that there are insurmountable obstacles to the carrying out of his wishes. That point being settled, if we keep him balancing between reward and punishment, he is ours.^[1]