forehand without deviating from it in the slightest degree. The horse ought always to keep his hind-quarters in the same direction as the shoulders. It is the rider's business to decide whether he should apply a more or less strong pressure with one leg or with the other leg, according as the horse swerves to one side or the other.

As a general rule, when we turn to the right, the hind-quarters are inclined to swing round too much to the left ; and vice versâ. Therefore, unless in exceptional cases, we ought to apply the outward leg somewhat more strongly than the inward one when we turn.

In turning, the action of the leg, the office of which is to prevent any deviation of the croup, should never precede that of the hand, but should immediately follow it.

Another way is at first to turn the croup inwards, by doing which, the movement of the head, and immediately afterwards that of the neck and shoulders, is made difficult. Besides, the arched condition of the croup and shoulders will prompt the horse to resist the action of the rein.

We occasionally meet horses which naturally or by habit go sideways. In this case, they always bring their croup to the same side. If, for instance, they carry it to the right, that is to say, inwards, when we turn them to the right, we shall be obliged to apply the inward (right) leg more strongly than the outward one. But if, in turning such a horse to the left, he continues to carry his croup to the right, a stronger application will have to be given by the outward (right) leg. Therefore, with the same animal we may sometimes have to apply the inward, and at other times, the outward leg.

To get the horse to readily change direction, and to give him the required mobility, we should make him perform in the school, different exercises, such as doublers, voltes, demi-voltes, and changes of hand.